ICR Program
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  • Welcome to the ICR program documentation
    • About ICR
      • ICR Team
        • Gudmundur Sigbergsson
        • Olafur "Oli" Torfason
        • Bjorn H. Helgason
        • Thordur "Thor" Agustsson
        • Alondra Silva Munoz
        • Dr. Rannveig Anna Guicharnaud
        • Robert Huldarsson
        • Ria Antil
        • Alvaro Vallejo Rendón
      • ICR's Mission Statement
      • ICR's Context
      • Leadership
        • Leadership and Commitment
        • Policies
          • Quality policy
          • KYC/KYB Compliance Policy
          • Grievance policy
          • Anti-Corruption Compliance Policy
          • Impartiality policy
          • ICR Privacy and Cybersecurity Policy
          • Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion policy
        • Organizational Roles, Responsibilities, and Authorities
          • Leadership
            • Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
            • Chief Operating Officer (COO)
            • Chief Technology Officer (CTO)
            • Chief Product Officer (CPO)
            • Chief Science Officer (CSO)
            • Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)
            • ICR Board
              • Members
                • Daníel F. Jónsson
                • Kristján I. Mikaelsson
              • ICR Board Procedures v3.0
            • ICR Program Advisory Panel
              • Members
              • ICR Program Advisory Panel 3.0
          • ICR Program Advisory Panel
            • Amit Sharma
            • Geetha Gopal
            • Javier Castro
          • Forums
            • ICR Project Proponent and Developer forum
              • ICR Project Proponent and Developer Forum Terms of Reference
            • ICR Stakeholder forum
              • ICR Stakeholder Forum - Terms of Reference
            • ICR VVB forum
              • ICR VVB Forum Terms of Reference
            • ICR Forum Guidelines
            • Forum Application
          • Committees
            • Appeals Committee
              • ICR Appeals Committee Terms of Reference
      • Articles of Association for International Carbon Registry ehf.
  • Fundamentals
    • Climate change
    • Kyoto protocol
    • Paris Agreement
      • Nationally Determined Contributions
      • Carbon Markets Under the Paris Agreement
    • Voluntary Carbon Markets
    • Compensation
      • ÍST 92
      • ISO 14068-1:2023
  • ICR Program
    • Overview
    • Fundamentals
      • ISO
        • ISO 14064
          • ISO 14064-1
          • ISO 14064-2
          • ISO 14064-3
          • ISO 14068-1
      • Project Origination
      • Additionality
      • ICR Registration Process
      • Validation and verification
        • Accreditation
    • Definitions
      • ICR Definitions v3.1
        • Version history
          • ICR Definitions v3.0
          • ICR Definitions v2.0
          • ICR Definitions v1.0
    • Methodology Development
      • Criteria
        • ICR Methodology Requirements v3.0
        • Version history
          • ICR Methodology Requirements 2.0
          • ICR Methodology Requirements 1.0
      • Procedural
        • ICR Methodology Approval Process v3.0
        • Version history
          • ICR Methodology Approval Process v2.0
          • ICR Methodology Approval Process v1.0
      • ICR Methodologies
        • Under development
          • M-ICR001
          • M-ICR002
          • M-ICR003
          • M-ICR004
          • M-ICR005:
          • M-ICR006
          • M-ICR007
          • M-ICR009
          • M-ICR011
        • Approved ICR Methodologies
      • Templates
        • Concept note
          • Older versions
        • Methodology description
          • Older versions
        • Methodology summary
          • Older versions
    • Project development
      • Criteria
        • ICR Requirement Document v6.0
          • Version history
            • ICR Requirement Document v5.0
            • ICR Requirement Document v4.0
      • Procedural
        • ICR Process Requirements v6.1
          • Version history
            • ICR Process Requirements v6.0
            • ICR Process Requirements v5.0
            • ICR Process Requirements v4.0 Final
            • ICR Process Requirements v3.0
        • ICR Article 6 2 procedures v1.0
      • Templates
        • Project concept description (PCD)
          • Older versions
        • Project design description (PDD)
          • Older versions
        • Monitoring report (MR)
          • Older versions
        • Project design description and monitoring report
          • Older versions
        • Letter of attestation
        • Non-performance report
          • Older versions
        • Non-permanence event report
          • Older versions
        • Non-permanence risk assessment
        • Non-performance risk assessment
      • Tools
        • ICR Tool for Environmental and Socio-economic Safeguards and Sustainable Development
      • Approved methodologies, modules and tools
        • ICR approved methodologies, modules and tools v4.0
    • Validation and verification
      • Validation and Verification Bodies
      • Criteria
        • ICR validation and verification specifications v2.0
          • Version history
            • ICR validation and verification specifications v1.0
      • Templates
        • Methodology validation report (MValR)
          • Older versions
        • Validation report (ValR)
          • Older versions
        • Verification report (VerR)
          • Older versions
        • Validation and verification report (ValVerR)
          • Older versions
    • Terms and conditions
      • Terms and Conditions - Users
      • Terms and Conditions - Project
      • ICR Terms and Conditions Market Participants
      • Fee Schedule 2024-2025
      • 🔦ICR KYC/KYB Complience Policy
      • ICR Terms and Conditions - Organizations
        • Older versions
          • ICR Terms and Conditions - Organizations
    • Public consultation
      • Methodologies
        • 2023
          • M-ICR0001
          • M-ICR0002
          • M-ICR0003
          • M-ICR0004
          • M-ICR0005
        • 2024
          • M-ICR0006
        • 2025
          • M-ICR009
          • M-ICR007
          • M-ICR011
      • ICR Program
        • 2023
          • Specifications to guide validation and verification
          • Program revision August 2023
        • 2024
          • Program Revision - July 2024
    • Grievance
      • ICR Grievance process
        • Submit a Complaint
    • Document Library
      • Documents
  • Biodiversity Program
    • Overview
    • Fundamentals
    • Definitions
    • Requirements
      • Templates
        • Concept note
    • Public consultation
    • Document Library
    • Fee Schedule - Biodiversity Pilot Phase 2024-2025
  • Carbonregistry.com
    • Marketplaces
      • Terms and Conditions - Trading Hub
    • On Chain
      • How it works
      • Credit data
      • Contracts
      • Retiring Credits Onchain
    • Registry user guide
      • Introduction
      • Get started
        • Create a user account
          • User profile
            • Authentication
            • Documents
            • API
          • KYC
        • Create an organizational account
          • KYB
      • Account management
        • User account management
        • Organizational account management
          • Projects
          • Users
          • Documentation
          • Settings
          • API
      • Project proponents and developers
        • Registering a project
          • Create a New Project
            • New Project Home Screen
            • Project mitigations
            • Project location
            • Benefits
            • Documents and files
            • People and Organizations
              • People
              • Organizations
            • Home screen tabs
              • Overview
              • Mitigations
              • Benefits
              • Documents
              • People
              • Media
              • VVB
            • Submit for ICR Review
          • Manage a project
          • Transition
          • Page
          • Transition
          • Validation/verification
          • Authorized representatives
          • Finish
        • Credits
          • Ex-ante issuance
          • Ex-post issuance
          • Transferring credits
          • Retiring credits
          • Cancelling credits
        • Side Panel
        • Page 1
      • Organizations
        • Account management
        • Credits
        • Retiring credits
      • Insights
    • API
      • Apps
        • Using ICR apps
          • Approve new permissions
          • Review installations
        • Creating ICR apps
          • About creating ICR apps
            • Best practices
          • Registering an ICR app
            • Permissions
            • Webhooks
              • Webhook actions and payloads
              • Handle deliveries
              • Validate deliveries
              • Handle failed deliveries
            • Callback URLs
        • Authentication
          • Authenticate as an app
          • Generate a JWT
          • Authenticate as an installation
          • App private keys
          • Authenticate as an organization
        • Examples
          • Setting up an ICR app
          • Requesting credit action for organization
          • Interacting with the organization warehouse
      • Endpoints
        • V0.5
          • Apps
          • Organizations
          • Inventory
          • Projects
          • Retirements
          • Warehouse
          • Credits
          • Documents
          • Utility
        • V1 - Beta
          • Organizations
          • Projects
          • Transactions
          • Retirements
          • Credit actions
          • Subaccounts
          • Utility
      • Environments
      • Versions
      • Authentication
    • The Credit Bundler
      • Purchasing Credits
      • Post Purchase: Accepting Credits
  • Quality management system
    • ICR QMS
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On this page
  • What Are Nationally Determined Contributions?
  • How Do NDCs Tackle the Crisis?
  • Beyond Climate Action: Broader Benefits of Climate Plans
  • Are NDCs on Track?
  1. Fundamentals
  2. Paris Agreement

Nationally Determined Contributions

What Are Nationally Determined Contributions?

Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are country-specific climate action strategies developed under the Paris Agreement. These plans outline how nations intend to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to align with the global objective of limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C. They also address how countries will adapt to the effects of climate change. The Paris Agreement requires nations to update their NDCs every five years, progressively increasing their ambition while considering their unique capacities.

Following the initial NDCs in 2015 and the second round in 2020/2021, the third round – referred to as “NDCs 3.0” – is scheduled for early 2025. These updated plans will focus on climate actions through 2035 and will incorporate findings from the Global Stocktake, which assesses worldwide progress in meeting Paris Agreement goals. Stronger and more ambitious NDCs are essential for a sustainable and secure future for all.


How Do NDCs Tackle the Crisis?

All sectors – energy, industry, agriculture, transportation, and more – must contribute to reducing emissions while adapting to the impacts of climate change. NDCs serve as a national framework for embedding climate action across every sector. They are the primary tool for nations to align efforts, coordinate strategies, and protect communities from the most severe consequences of this global challenge.


Beyond Climate Action: Broader Benefits of Climate Plans

NDCs can play a transformative role beyond addressing climate change. These national plans can double as frameworks for sustainable development and green investment, helping countries transition toward low-carbon economies.

They also provide an opportunity for nations to support communities and industries heavily affected by the transition to renewable energy, fostering resilience and equity. Additionally, NDCs can prioritize social inclusion by ensuring benefits for historically marginalized groups, such as women, youth, and indigenous populations.


Are NDCs on Track?

Unfortunately, not yet. While significant progress has been made since the Paris Agreement’s adoption in 2015, current NDC commitments fall short of limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C. Current trajectories point to a global temperature increase of 2.5-2.9°C. Moreover, there is often a gap between countries' stated NDC goals and their actual implementation, suggesting emissions in 2030 could exceed even current targets.

The upcoming NDCs 3.0 represent a critical turning point for climate action. Done right, these plans can help avoid the worst effects of climate change while unlocking opportunities for economic growth, job creation, inequality reduction, and improved public health.

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Last updated 4 months ago